Some features of human Motor Control in association with specific biological characteristics and markers of bodies

Gutnik, Boris
D.Sc. in Biology, former Professor of Physiology of Unitec, Auckland, New Zealand, former Professor of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Honorary D.Sc. in Lithuanian Sport University, Kaunas, Lithuania
gutnikboris@gmail.com


Abstract
This long period integrated study was a part of my doctoral dissertation and other research. It was geared towards investigate the behavior of dominant and non-dominant upper limbs of right-handed participants and to investigate the lateral differences in kinetic parameters during discrete target-directed fast targeting task created on the trade-off between speed and accuracy. The certified model of an Analyzer of Dynamic Parameters of Human Movement™ interfaced with a computer was used to collect the data.
We analyzed the onset of each movement, the average acceleration of the arm protraction, and the force applied to the handle. For the second aim an arm was used to reach the target with great speed and accuracy. The mass of the upper limb was calculated. In total, each participant completed 100 moves - 5 sets of 10 separate moves with the left and right hands. We recorded those parameters: speed, acceleration, force direction, and distance. It has been calculated force impulse, relative spatial error, power and energy consumption. The accurate method for computing of mass upper arm of dominant and non-dominant limbs was presented in the study. The results showed that the mechanical energy, driving force, and power of the initial movement based on the target-directed fast movement model were greater for the left non-dominant arm. The authors suggested that the energy minimization mechanism is more appropriate for the dominant limb.

Keywords: motor control, lateralization of movements, reaction time, latency periods of sensor motor reactions, dominant and non-dominant limbs